Monday, September 25, 2006
Etruscans
-influenced by Greek culture
-influenced Roman culture in turn
Settlement of Rome
-Tiber River and Hills
-Latin language
Foundation myths:
-Romulus and Remus
-Rape of the Sabine Women
-sexual conquest; role of law
-Rape of Lucretia
--political action and female honor
--Roman Republic founded in 509 BC; overthrow of Etruscan king
-Territorial consolidation
-Government:
--2 Consuls
--Centuriate
--Senate
--Priests
"Struggle of the Orders" (between 494 and 287 BC)
--Plebeians and Patricians
--Tribunes; 12 Tables; marriage laws; one consulship; decisions of Plebeian assembly apply to the whole population
Territorial Expansion:
Punic Wars against Carthage
-First (264-241 BC); Second (218-201 BC); Third (149-146 BC)
First Punic War:
-Rome successful; breaks treaty agreement
Second Punic War:
-flashpoint in Spain
-Hannibal
-Battles at Trebia River, Lake Trasimene and at Cannae: major defeats of the Romans
-Romans change tactics
--Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
--Battle of Zama (202 BC)
--"Delenda est Carthago"
